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{"sheet":"instructions","index":0,"n_rows":8,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":8,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["Before you begin, unless you already have comprehensive data on the occurrences of the species of interest, you will want to contact a data manager at PNHP","Contact information"]
["Start with the Background worksheet and work forward. Most of the fields in the Summary Sheet are locked because they are filled in when you provide the information on an earlier worksheet."]
["The worksheets are protected for two reasons."]
["1) So you can use the Tab key to move between fields intended for data entry."]
["2) So that you do not inadvertantly make changes to the form, especially formulas."]
["No password is needed to unprotect the sheets, simply go to Tools, Protection, and select Unprotect Sheet. Hopefully you will not need to unprotect any sheets, but in case a cell is too small or you find some error in the form, you have the freedom to make changes."]
["Even if all you do is copy and paste the text next to a box you checked, please do fill in the summary fields, as they are the only fields to carry forward to the summary worksheet, which is where we will hopefully spend most of the time at the meeting."]
["If you have any questions or difficulty with the form, please try the troubleshooting tab first, then call or email Steve Grund"]

{"sheet":"Background","index":1,"n_rows":82,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":82,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,0,0,1]]}
["Information provided on this worksheet is intended to assist in making decisions on other worksheets. "]
["Species Name","Carex roanensis"]
["Your Name","Steve Grund"]
["Your Institution (optional)","WPC/PNHP"]
["Natural history","Click here for links to sites that may help you to gather needed data."]
["Describe the habitat of the species","Micro-edges (e.g. by foot paths, deer trails, and bases of outcrops) in dry-mesic-mesic forests. Also in sandstone crevices."]
["Note any features of the biology or ecology of the species that would make it particularly vulnerable to reduction in population"]
["Not self-compatible"]
["Pollinator is scarce"]
["Intolerance to pollution"]
["Intolerant of disturbance"]
["Habitat is particularly vulnerable to invasion by alien species"]
["Species/habitat is dependent on a natural disturbance regime that has been disrupted"]
["Typically small habitat size"]
["Particularly susceptible to deer browse"]
["Known susceptibility to disease"]
["Other (specify)"]
["Other (specify)"]
[]
["Please summarize (will be copied to summary sheet)","Trail edges often get taken over by Microstegium."]
[]
["Note any features of the biology or ecology of the species that would make it particularly resilient to reduction in population"]
["Dependant on disturbance that is effectively mimicked by human activities"]
["Good seed banker"]
["Other (specify)"]
["Other (specify)"]
["Other (specify)"]
[]
["Please summarize (will be copied to summary sheet)"]
[]
["Note characteristics of the species that might lead to underestimation of population size"]
["Individuals are dormant some years"]
["Closely resembles common species"]
["Plants difficult to detect among associates"]
["Other (specify)"]
["Other (specify)"]
["Other (specify)"]
["Please summarize (will be copied to summary sheet)","This species was formerly often misidentified as C. virescens, and sometimes C. aestivalis. It is a somewhat difficult group."]
[]
["Note characteristics of the species that might lead to underestimation of number of occurrences"]
["Significant portion of a sub-population may be dormant some years"]
["Short period when aerial parts are in identifiable condition"]
["Closely resembles common species"]
["Collection of species is avoided for some reason"]
["Occurrence size tends to be small"]
["Specialized habitat difficult to locate"]
["Plants difficult to detect among associates"]
["Other (specify)"]
["Other (specify)"]
["Other (specify)"]
[]
["Please summarize (will be copied to summary sheet)","Not a tiny sedge, but still inconspicuous in its habitat, and sedges tend to be undercollected."]
[]
["Human factors"]
[]
["Note any human activities that would make it particularly vulnerable to reduction in population"]
["High proportion of range is urban"]
["Habitat is actively exploited"]
["Species is directly exploited"]
["Genetic swamping from non-native strains used in horticulture"]
["Other (specify)"]
["Other (specify)"]
[]
["Please summarize (will be copied to summary sheet)"]
[]
["Note any human activities that would make it particularly resilient to reduction in population"]
["Habitat is unsuitable for most types of conversion"]
["Tolerant of anthropogenic disturbance"]
["Escapes from cultivation (without genetic issues)"]
["Other (specify)"]
["Other (specify)"]
[]
["Please summarize (will be copied to summary sheet)"]
[]
["Data Source(s) used for this and other worksheets (check all that apply)"]
[]
["Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program"]
["Morris Arboretum/Pennsylvania Flora Project"]
["Carnegie Museum of Natural History"]
["Published Literature (specify)"]
["Field experience of the proposer"]
["other (specify)"]

{"sheet":"Abundance","index":2,"n_rows":63,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":63,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[48,0,48,4],[38,2,41,4],[0,0,0,4],[10,2,10,4],[13,2,13,4],[25,2,25,4],[13,0,13,1],[47,0,47,1],[47,2,47,4]]}
["This worksheet is designed to prompt analysis leading to an estimate of  the number of currently extant occurrences. Information from the Background worksheet is forwarded here where appropriate."]
["Historic Occurrences"]
["How many historic occurrences are there that have not been rediscovered?",1]
["how many of those historics do you estimate are:"]
["Almost certainly gone"]
["Probably gone"]
["Maybe gone",1]
["Probably extant"]
["Almost certainly extant"]
["Insufficient data"]
["Reasons",null,"This Potter County record is puzzling. We looked for it without success. Perhaps it was a waif."]
[]
["Undiscovered Occurrences"]
["Estimate amount of available habitat in Pennsylvania."]
["Less than 100 acres"]
["Between 100 acres and 1 square mile"]
["1 - 100 square miles"]
["100 square miles - Centre County sized area"]
["Bigger than Centre County"]
["Estimate how many occurrences this habitat could support if all unsurveyed habitat turned out to be occupied. A range of numbers is usually appropriate here.","10-200"]
["How well surveyed is this habitat at the appropriate time for detection of the species. You may want to contact a botanist at PHNP and/or at one of the museums.","Click here for contact information"]
["Most has been surveyed "]
["More than half has been surveyed"]
["Less than half has been surveyed"]
["Only a small amount has been surveyed"]
["Explanation (required)",null,"The habitat is common, but most of it in Pennsylvania is probably north of the range of the species, assuming the Potter County collection was a waif."]
["Known Native Extant Occurrences"]
["How many known native extant sites are there at each viability estimate (round range ranks downward e.g. treat a rank of BC as C):"]
["Excellent estimated viability (A rank)"]
["Good estimated viability (B rank)",2]
["Fair estimated viability (C rank)",2]
["Poor estimated viability (D rank)"]
["Viability unknown (E rank)"]
["Total known extant occurrences",4]
["Estimate number of undiscovered native extant occurrences in Pennsylvania"]
["probably none"]
["less than known extants"]
["~ same as known extants"]
["more than current known extants",null,"It is difficult to guess how far north this species might be found, given the disjunct record in Potter County."]
["Confidence in this estimate"]
[]
["explanation (required)"]
[]
[]
["Summary"]
["My best guess is that the number of native extant occurrences (ca 50% confident) is between --",5,"and",10]
["I am very (> 90%) confident the actual number of native extant occurrences is between --",3,"and",30]
["If you know or suspect that a significant number of the extant occurrences are not viable, please explain."]
["Number of extant individuals (only what is documented from field surveys -- use the most recent survey for the occurrence unless you have reason to believe that previous surveys covered a larger or different portion of the occurrence, then use whichever survey or combination best estimates current condition)."]
["The total of the minimum estimates of population size for the known native extant occurrences is:",65]
["The total of the maximum estimates of population size for the known native extant occurrences is:",90]
["Extrapolating for known native extant occurrences with no population size estimate, and for the estimated number of extant but undocumented native occurrences, my best guess is that the number of naturally occurring plants in Pennsylvania is between","100","and","250","What is a ramet, you ask?"]
["I am very confident that the number of plants in Pennsylvania is between","65","and","2000",{"$f":"IF(B62=TRUE,\"Ramets\",\"Genets\")","v":"Genets"}]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[null,false]
[null,{"$f":"IF(Abundance!B62=TRUE,\"Ramets\",\"Genets\")","v":"Genets"}]

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["Situation in adjacent states"]
["S-rank in states adjacent to PA (see natureserve.org/explorer)"]
["If no rank is listed (state is white on the map), then the species is not known from that state. A rank of SNR (not ranked) more often than not means that the species is common in that state, and the Heritage Program has not yet assigned S4's and S5's to common species. Occasionally a species will be assigned a rank of SNR because the species has been reported from the state (sometimes without a supporting specimen), and the Heritage Program is either unaware of the report or has not yet decided whether to accept the report."]
["NY"]
["OH"]
["WV","S1"]
["MD"]
["DE"]
["NJ"]
["G-rank","G2G3"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
["Is this species common in any adjacent states within reasonable dispersal distance for the species? For New York, click on the state abbrieviation for the New York Flora Atlas. Otherwise, if you are unsure of the situation in a state, and it seems that it may be relevant, click below for the Directory of Natural Heritage Programs, and email botanist or data manager with a data request."]
["Directory of Natural Heritage Programs"]
["NY"]
["OH"]
["WV"]
["MD"]
["DE"]
["NJ"]
[]
["Is some or all of the PA portion of the range of the species significantly disjunct from the primary population? Explain if yes, leave blank if no."]
[]
["Summarize any relevant data on this page that would decrease concern for this species in Pennsylvania, either because of rescue effect, or because of an implication that the species is likely more common in PA than other data indicates."]

{"sheet":"Trend","index":4,"n_rows":31,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":31,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,1,0,2],[31,1,31,2],[29,1,29,2],[9,1,9,2],[18,1,18,2],[27,1,27,2],[10,1,10,2]]}
[null,"Considering changes in the landscape, and considering what is actually out there as opposed to changes in our knowledge of what is out there,"]
[null,"Over the past 100 years, do you think that in Pennsylvania this species has experienced:"]
[null,"Drastic decrease (>80% reduction)"]
[null,"Great decrease (50 - 80% reduction)"]
[null,"Notable decrease, but less than 50 % reduction"]
[null,"Stable (within natural population fluctuation expectations)"]
[null,"Notable increase (>20% increase)"]
[null,"Confidence in this estimate"]
[null,"Please provide reasons and sources below"]
[null,"Fayette County is relatively undeveloped. This species can probably survive logging as long as machinery does not destroy the habitat."]
[null,"If you think the stability has changed in the past few decades, over the past 20 years, do you think the size of the Pennsylvania portion of the range of this species has experienced:"]
[null,"Drastic decrease (>80% reduction)"]
[null,"Great decrease (50 - 80% reduction)"]
[null,"Notable decrease, but less than 50 % reduction"]
[null,"Stable (within natural population fluctuation expectations)"]
[null,"Notable increase (>20% increase)"]
[null,"Confidence in this estimate"]
[null,"Please provide reasons and sources below"]
[]
[null,"In the next 20 years, if there is no intervention, you estimate the PA portion of the range of the species to experience:"]
[null,"Drastic decrease (>80% reduction)"]
[null,"Great decrease (50 - 80% reduction)"]
[null,"Notable decrease (20 - 50 % reduction)"]
[null,"Stable (20% reduction to 20% increase)"]
[null,"Notable increase (>20% increase)"]
[null,"Confidence in this estimate"]
[null,"Please provide reasons and sources below"]
[]
[null,"Summarize below any relevant points that suggest stability or an upward trend."]
[]
[null,"Summarize below any relevant points that suggest a downward trend."]

{"sheet":"Protection","index":5,"n_rows":16,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":16,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
[null,"To fill out this worksheet completely and accurately would usually be a larger task than is practical. The categories (adapted from TNC scorecard methodology) are presented to help you think about the range of protection, and the limitations of some categories. Use numbers, question marks, ranges, or whatever works for you if it helps you to organize your thoughts with the goal of coming to some conclusion regarding the extent to which protection efforts have ellieviated the threat of extirpation for the species."]
[null,"How many extant occurrences are protected at each of the following levels?"]
[null,"Site with adequate buffer owned and managed in perpetuity for species. All rights to destroy or degrade the occurrence have been dedicated into a legally established nature preserve or conservation trust."]
[null,"Site without adequate buffer owned and managed in perpetuity for species etc. as in previous category"]
[null,"Protected through an easement or similar method"]
[null,"Publicly owned with legally binding designation as a managed area, manager is aware of occurrence"]
[null,"Legally binding protection agreement with landowner"]
[null,"Landowner promises to will land to public or private conservation entity OR Landowner grants Right of First Refusal to a public or private conservation entity OR Publically owned and occurrence is in management plan (potentially reversable)"]
[null,"Voluntary, non-binding agreement with landowner or manager to protect occurrence"]
[null,"Landowner or manager notified of occurrence and generally positive."]
[null,"Site publicly owned or in private preserve not likely to be developed, but not managed specifically for species or not guaranteed perpetual protection"]
[null,"No protection. Includes public or private land when landowner/manager is not aware of occurrence, or is not interested in protection of occurrence."]
[]
[null,"Summarize relevant points from this page below if protection efforts do seem to have reduced the probability of the species being extirpated from PA."]
[null,"The known localities are within Ohiopyle State Park."]
[null,"Summarize relevant points from this page below if protection efforts do not seem to have reduced the probability of the species being extirpated."]

{"sheet":"Summary","index":6,"n_rows":15,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":15,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[14,0,14,2],[13,0,13,2],[3,1,3,3],[4,0,4,2],[9,0,9,2],[5,1,5,3],[11,0,11,2],[12,0,12,2]]}
["Carex roanensis"]
["Current Status",null,"UEF"]
["Proposed Status",null,"PE"]
["Proposed by:","Steve Grund"]
["WPC/PNHP"]
["Habitat","Micro-edges (e.g. by foot paths, deer trails, and bases of outcrops). Also in sandstone crevices."]
["Estimated number of extant occurrences",null,"(3) 5 – 10 (30)"]
["Estimated number of extant individuals",null,"(65) 100 – 250 (2000) Genets"]
["Factors that increase conservation concern"]
["Trail edges often get taken over by Microstegium."]
["Factors that decrease conservation concern"]
["This species was formerly often misidentified as C. virescens, and sometimes C. aestivalis. It is a somewhat difficult group."]
["Not a tiny sedge, but still inconspicuous in its habitat, and sedges tend to be undercollected."]
["The known localities are within Ohiopyle State Park."]
["Although it is likely that more occurrences will be discovered, it does not seem likely that there will end up being enough to reach the level of PR. PT is a possibility, but the species appears to be rare enough to justify protection."]

{"sheet":"Images","index":7,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Maps","index":8,"n_rows":0,"n_cols":0,"rows_kept":0,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}

{"sheet":"Troubleshooting","index":9,"n_rows":8,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":8,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[2,0,5,0],[7,0,7,1]]}
["Problem","Possible Solutions"]
["Fields that are supposed to carry forward to the Summary worksheet do not.","Security muct be set to medium or low for macros to be enabled. Go to the Tools menu, choose macros, select security. You will have to close and reopen Excel for the change to take effect."]
["Checkboxes cannot be checked","Try clicking on a cell away from the checkbox, then try checking again."]
[null,"If, when you try to check the checkbox, the area around the checkbox gets selected (with the six little boxes for adjusting size), then go to the View menu, choose Toolbars, select the Contol Toolbox, and you will probably find that you are in \"Design mode\", i.e. the icon on the upper left with the triangle, pencil, and ruler, is activated. Turn this off."]
[null,"Security muct be set to medium or low for macros to be enabled. Go to the Tools menu, choose macros, select security. You will have to close and reopen Excel for the change to take effect."]
[null,"If none of that worked, you may have an incompatible version of Excel. This is a known problem for \"Excel 11.2 for Mac\", but we do not know if the problem is limited to this version or to Macs. For now, just highlight the line or something, as the checkboxes are only to flag issues for you to summarize later."]
["cannot see all text in the field","Unprotect sheet (tools --> protection --> unprotect sheet) and change column width"]
["If you have any additional questions or difficulty with the form, please call or email Steve Grund. Please include the version of Excel you are using."]

{"sheet":"Status Definitions","index":10,"n_rows":20,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":20,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["PX – Pennsylvania Extirpated"]
["A classification of plant species believed by the Department to be extinct within this Commonwealth.  The plants may or may not exist outside this Commonwealth.  If plant species classified as Pennsylvania Extirpated are found to exist, the species automatically will be considered to be classified as Pennsylvania Endangered."]
["PE – Pennsylvania Endangered"]
["A classification of plant species which are in danger of extinction throughout most or all of their natural range within this Commonwealth, if critical habitat is not maintained or if the species is greatly exploited by man.  This classification also includes populations of plant species that have been classified as Pennsylvania Extirpated, but which subsequently are found to exist in this Commonwealth."]
["PT – Pennsylvania Threatened"]
["A classification of plant species which may become endangered throughout most or all of their natural range within this Commonwealth, if critical habitat is not maintained to prevent their further decline in this Commonwealth, or if the species is greatly exploited by man."]
["PR – Pennsylvania Rare"]
["A classification of plant species which are uncommon within this Commonwealth because they may be found in restricted geographic areas or in low numbers throughout this Commonwealth."]
["TU – Tentatively Undetermined"]
["A classification of plant species which are believed to be in danger of population decline, but which cannot presently be included within another classification due to taxonomic uncertainties, limited evidence within historical records or insufficient data."]
["The TU category is represented in the PBS scheme by specific tentative categories using a U followed by one or more modifiers.  The U represents a recommendation to BOF for an official status of TU (Tentatively Undetermined).  The U is followed by either X, E, T, or R to indicate that our best guess based on what we know now is that the species will fit criteria for a status of PX, PE, PT, or PR respectively.  Thus, UE indicates \"undetermined status but probably endangered in PA\", etc."]
[]
["The UX, UE, UT, or UR should be followed by one or more of the following modifiers to indicate the issue(s) preventing assignment to a definite category:"]
[]
["I—Identification of specimens is questionable."]
["T—Taxonomic status is uncertain."]
["F—Fieldwork is needed to better understand the current distribution and abundance of the species."]
["D—Dubious:  it is unclear if the supporting specimen was collected within the Commonwealth."]
["N—Native status of the species is unclear."]
["H—Herbarium studies are needed"]

{"sheet":"Contacts","index":11,"n_rows":14,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":14,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program"]
[null,"For initial requests to get essential data for all occurrences of the species of interest, contact the data manager for the side of the state you think has the most occurrences of the species (either office can provide you with data for the entire state, so no need to contact both). For more specific questions (e.g. natural history, extent of survey effort), contact one of the botanists. They may refer you to one of the museum botanists, or you may contact a museum botanist directly if you already know who is knowledgable about the species you are working with."]
[null,"Data Managers"]
[null,"Susan Klugman, eastern Pennsylvania","sklugman@paconserve.org"]
[null,"Kierstin Carlson, western Pennsylvania","kcarlson@paconserve.org"]
[null,"Botanists"]
[null,"John Kunsman, eastern Pennsylvania","jkunsman@paconserve.org"]
[null,"Steve Grund, western Pennsylvania (412) 586-2350","sgrund@paconserve.org"]
["Morris Arboretum, University of Pennsylvania"]
[null,"Tim Block","block@pobox.upenn.edu"]
["Carnegie Museum of Natural History"]
[null,"Bonnie Isaac","isaacb@CarnegieMNH.org"]
["Cleveland Museum of Natural History"]
[null,"Jim Bissell","Jbissell@cmnh.org"]

{"sheet":"Links","index":12,"n_rows":7,"n_cols":2,"rows_kept":7,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,0,1,0]]}
["NatureServe","Global and Subnational (state/province) ranks"]
[null,"For many species (mostly globally rare species), provides information regarding reason for global rank, Element occurrence rank specifications, threats, trend, management, ecology, and references for more information."]
["Pennsylvania Flora Project","County level distribution maps for PA"]
["Flora of North America","Treatments for gymnosperms, pteridophytes, monocots (except half the grasses), and some dicots. Includes range maps and habitat descriptions."]
["IUCN Red List","Contains little (if any) data on PA plants; included here for those interested in learning about the system used in most of the world to determine conservation status of species."]
["USDA PLANTS","State-level (and sometimes, through link, county-level) distribution maps. Synonomy. Useful links."]
["BONAP County Level Distribution Maps","County and State/Province distribution maps."]

{"sheet":"Definitions","index":13,"n_rows":4,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":4,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["Genet: A unit or group derived by asexual reproduction from a single original zygote, such as a seedling or a clone (Lincoln el al, 1998). See ramet for discussion."]
["Ramet: A member or modular unit of a clone, that may follow and independent existence if separated from the parent organism (Lincoln el al, 1998). Typically this is a stem of a clonal species. Ramets are often preferrable to genets for comparing populations for two reasons: 1) it is often not possible to determine the number of genets without exposing underground parts or doing a molecular analysis. 2) The number of ramets may be better correlated with the number of flowers and the amount of biomass, and thus may be a better predictor of viability. The disadvantage of counting raments as opposed to genets is that the number of genets is a much better measure of the genetic variation in the population. Ideally both ramets and genets are known, but typically only one type of data is collected. Often with graminoids, the unit that is most practical to count is a clump, which may represent either a ramet or a genet depending on whether the clumps are connected by rhizomes."]
[]
["Lincoln, Roger, Geoff Boxshall, and Paul Clark. 1998. A Dictionary of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press).  "]